|
8th
International Conference |
Contribution
of
CARC,
Italy
Italy is one of the
main imperialist countries, even if it never had a primary role except on during
the twenties/thirties, when Italian bourgeoisie created the first fascist
regimen in history, a historic example for bourgeoisie all over the
world.
The birth of
fascism has been the bourgeoisie´s answer in front of the great development of
working class´s struggle during the 1920/1921, struggle that put on the agenda
the seizure of power, on the wave of October Revolution.
During those years
working class occupied factories, peasants occupied lands and a revolutionary
movement shaked all country. Divisions inside the Socialist Party and the
absence of a real bolshevik communist party prevented the seizure of power.
Nevertheless this struggle has been very important for the birth of first
Italian Communist Party.
Fascism established
a terroristic regimen, imprisoning thousands of Communist Party leaders, first
of all Antonio Gramsci, dead in a fascist jail in the
thirties.
Clandestine
Communist Party organized the resistance during twenty years. That resistance
contributed to undermine the warmonger fascist regimen, and led the armed
resistance (1943-1945) of popular masses, which released Italy from
nazi-fascism.
At the end of
Liberation War the Communist Party instead of take advantages of the
revolutionary situation and make Italy a socialist country, conducted a line of
agreement with bourgeoisie parties for a national unity government, giving a
wrong outlook about common front politics. Once again the working class didn´t
conquer his task because of the
wrong line of Communist Party.
Since that time
until today italian imperialist bourgeoisie set a regimen founded on four
pillars: 1) imperialist employers, 2) U. S. imperialist bourgeoisie, 3) the
Vatican Church (Vatican is one of the most powerful imperialist group of the
world, because of his economic, political and social relations), 4) the Mafia.
This regimen by turns until today has governed our country. During this period
the situation has been determined by bloody interior struggles within the
bourgeoisie, Mafia´s wars, continuous government crisis, and by a fierce attack
against working class, including slaughters, several killings of striking
workers, struggling peasants and young demonstrators (since the slaughter at May
Day in 1948 at Portella delle Ginestre in Sicily until the killing in Genoa of
Carlo Giuliani against G8 in 2001). The situation has been also determined by
the presence of the greatest Communist Party in imperialist countries. It
counted 4.000.000 members and reached over 10.000.000 votes at 1975 elections
(33 %).
Italian Communist
Party has been one of the most rapresentative of modern revisionism. Togliatti
was the promoter of pacific way to socialism. He stated that was no more
necessary the revolution and socialism can be reached by the parlamentary
way.
By one side
Communist Party´s struggle led working class to great economic, political and
social conquers. Those conquers were the material fundament of so called ”human faced capitalism”. This
”human faced capitalism” lasted twenty years, roughly since the fifties until
the last seventies. During this period revolutionary communist developed a hard
struggle against revisionism, shared also by partisans of the Resistance against
nazi-fascism.
The task of this
struggle was the rebuilding of the revolutionary Communist Party. This aim has
been pursued by two main movements. The first one was the marxist-leninist
movement, the second one was the fighting communist movement (Red
Brigades).
They both didn´t
reach their aim, in spite of the great revolutionary movement including hundred
of thousand of workers, students and other elements of popoular masses. During
the seventies this movement developed struggle in factories, schools, city
departements, in the Army and even in jails. The bourgeoisie was compelled to a
fierce repression, imprisoning over 5.000 people.
At the beginning of
the eighties both those lines (the dogmatic one and the militarist - adventurist
one) led to a hard defeat of the revolutionary movement. This defeat gave to the
revolutionaries precious learnings about limits and mistakes which is necessary
to overcome for the rebirth of the revolutionary movement and the rebuilding of
a real Communist Party.
At the beginning of
the nineties start the course, step by step, to create the condition for the
establishment of the (new) communist Party, founded on Marxism – Leninism –
Maoism. A rich debate spreads among subjective forces of socialist revolution,
about the role and the nature of the party, about the necessary conditions for
this rebuilding.
The CARC indicate
four of these conditions:
In 1998 in order to
develop these conditions the National Secretariat of CARC published the New
Italian Communist Party´s Project of Manifesto-Program. In 1999 a
clandestine group of comrades, including the ex-National Secretary of CARC, Giuseppe Maj, constitued the
Preparatory Commission (CP) of the fundative Congress of the (new) Italian
Communist Party. This group launched the program of constitution of the new
clandestine party, a party which can develop the Revolutionary Popular
War.
Today the work for
the rebuilding of (new) Communist Party develops through the activity of CARC
together with other organizations in the Popular Front for the Reconstruction of
the Communist Party, and through the clandestine activity of the CP. Meanwhile
other organizations are working to obtain the same task, even if they are not
inside the Popular Front.
The preventive counter-revolution has repeatedly waged repressive campaigns against communists and, in particular, against CARC´s and CP´s members, imprisoning two comrades in Paris, Giuseppe Maj and Giuseppe Czeppel. The communist faced the repression, denounced the bourgeoisie persecutions, developed a vast propaganda and agitation against the repressive investigations and spread and let be known the work currently being carried out for reconstruction of the (new) Communist Party. Also this resistance enforces the rebuilding of the Party.
The attack against
communists is a part of the general attack of the bourgeoisie against working
class and popular masses, attack represented by Berlusconi´s government, a gang
composed by criminals, racists, clerical and fascists. This gang governs our
country since 2001, and is responsible of Genoa´s massacre, of the participation
at the aggression towards Iraqi´s people together with U.S. imperialism, of the
attacks towards economical, political and social conquest of the workers and
popular masses. This gang is responsible of the rehabilitation of fascism, of
the persecution towards islamic and arab immigrant masses.
Popular masses of our countries are now developing a vast movement of resistance against imperialist bourgeoisie and against its Berlusconi´s government. This movement had led millions of people demonstrating in streets and squares, had producted several general strikes, illegal forms of struggles (FIAT, Alitalia, public transport), mobilitations of all kind of workers (public school, public health, social previdence). Also this kind of resistance enforces the work for rebuilding Communist Party.
So the line of the
future Communist Party is :
”Unite closely and
without reservation with the resistance the popular masses will oppose to the
current developing capitalist crisis. Understand and apply the laws of the
resistance development. Support, promote and organize it in order to realize the
leadership of the working class so as to transform it in struggle for socialism,
applying as the main working and leading method the mas
line.”
Let us develop a
proletarian and intenational solidarity!
Long life to
communist movement!
Workers of all the
world unite!